Dyslexia is a common, language-based learning difference. It mainly affects accurate, fluent reading and spelling, because the brain processes the sounds inside words differently. It is not about intelligence, effort, or laziness, and it is not a problem with the eyes. Many dyslexic children are bright, creative, big-picture thinkers.
Around one in ten people is dyslexic to some degree. Identified early and taught the right way, these children can absolutely learn to read well. Left unsupported, many quietly decide that they are "stupid", and that belief is the real damage.
"He's so clever when he talks, but reading just breaks him." Parents tell us this all the time. Reading is a skill that can be taught, step by step, and confidence can be rebuilt right alongside it.